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THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SPIRULINA
PLATENSIS AGAINST MAMMARY TUMORS INDUCTION BY
DIMETHYLBENZ(A)ANTHRACENE IN SPRAGUE- EL-KOT, A.(1) and ABDELGAWAD, M.R.(2) (1) Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Egypt and (2) Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Centre, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
Key words:
Testosterone,
Estradiol, Sex hormones, dimethylbenz(a)
التأثير الوقائى لطحلب سبيرولينا بلاتنسيس ضد أورام الثدى
المستحث
عطا الله القط و محمد رمضان عبد الجواد خلاصـة يعد سرطان الثدى الأكثر شيوعاً بين النساء ثانى مسبب للوفاة بينهن، فعلى الرغم من العديد من البحوث الدقيقة فى هذا المجال إلا أن آلية حدوثه غير واضحة و يعزى ذلك إلى عدم وجود نموذج حيوانى مناسب يمكن معه محاكاة حدوث عملية التسرطن مباشرة فى الأوضاع العادية بدون استعمال مادة كيماوية مسرطنة. تم استخدام داى ميثيل بنزا أنثراثين لتحفيز الإصابة بسرطان الثدى فى مدة قصيرة نسبياً (~6 شهور) فى جرذان نوع سبراجى داولى.
أظهرت النتائج زيادة مستوى التستوستيرون (هرمون الذكورة) ونقص مستوى
الإستروجين بشكل ملحوظ فى الجرذان المصابة بسرطان الثدى. أوضح الفحص النسيجى
وجود تضخم كمى ونمو شاذ فى خلايا الثدى وحدوث سرطان ثدى متطور بالكامل من
الأشكال المختلفة بعد ABSTRACT Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second most frequent cause of cancer death in women. Despite extensive studies, the precise mechanisms of breast carcinogenesis remain unclear. One of the reasons for this is due, at least in part, to a lack of a suitable animal model, which can closely mimic the breast carcinogenesis in normal situations without using chemical carcinogens. Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) was used to developed mammary gland carcinogenesis in an animal model and succeeded in inducing mammary cancer in a relatively short time (~6 months) in Sprague-Dawely female rats. The possible therapeutic and protective effects of Spirulina platensis in Sprague-Dawely female rats were investigated. The results showed significant increased androgen testosterone level and significant decreased estrogen level in mammary gland carcinogenesis. Histopathological examination revealed hyperplasia and dysplasia and fully developed carcinoma of various forms including cribriform, papillary and camedo types which were observed after 6 months. They ranged from well differentiated to poorly differentiated forms with predominantly infiltrating ductal carcinoma. In addition to the high incidence of carcinoma, there was also a peculiar unexplained allocation of mammary gland tumors in virgin female rats between the site of implantation and the location of tumors through the whole body, and the highest incidence of carcinogenesis was found to be in thoracic mammary gland. Both estrogen and testosterone have a role in mammary cancers. The study showed that both estrogen and testosterone were important in mammary cancer diagnosis. It is suggested that sex hormones have a role in late stages in breast carcinogenesis. Estradiol, which is the main form of estrogen, affects the different stage of mammary gland carcinogenesis. Furthermore, the results indicated that Spirulina platensis may have therapeutic and protective effects (30%) on mammary cancers of Sprague-Dawely female rats chemically induced by DMBA.
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